The Tragic Fate Of Dr. P - 1278 Words

Brittany Couch Victoria de Zwaan CUST 1500H: Introduction to the Study of Modern Culture October 13, 2017 The Tragic Fate of Dr. P. Verses the Miraculous Escape of Virgil: The Reasoning Behind This Conclusion. Sacks describes the shared experience of lack of proper visual perception between Virgil and Dr. P. in very different ways due to the very varied responses to the effects of their visual impairment. Virgil’s regaining his blindness is an â€Å"escape† because his visual experiences had massively negative effects, Dr. P.’s blindness was â€Å"tragic† due to his inability to properly perceive the world around him. There is a stark difference between the two lives of these people and in this essay, I will explain this and draw the proper†¦show more content†¦This is especially notable with his interactions with his pets. â€Å"Sometimes, Amy said, she would see him examining the cat careffilly, feeling and looking at Tibbles with extraordinary intentness, correlating the cat.† (Sacks 1993) Virgil can see his cat, but not distinguish it from his dog, he needs to carefully look at it’s different features and feel them with his hands to properly see the cat. It should be noted that seeing with Virgil’s eyes, and him actually interpreting visual cues are different things. This is made evident in Virgil’s trip to the zoo when he encounters a gorilla but is unable to define it as anything other than â€Å"like a man† until after he is also able to feel it on the statue with his hands. â€Å"His face seemed to light up with comprehension as he felt the statue. â€Å"It’s not like a man at all,† he murmured. The statue examined, he opened his eyes, and turned around to the real gorilla standing before him in the enclosure. And now, in a way that would have been impossible before, he described the ape’s posture, the way the knuckles touched the ground, the little bandy legs, the great canines, the huge ridge on the head, pointing to each feature as he did so.† (Sacks 1993) Virgil’s sight came not with the conventional way that we associated sight, but with the use of his hands. To fully understand this concept, one must put aside theShow MoreRelatedDr. Faustus As Morality Play1443 Words   |  6 Pageswhether Dr. Faustus is a morality play or tragedy, two aspects must be considered. Firstly, it must be decided whether Dr. Faustus is a morality play or not. In an attempt to categorize the play, the play s form, content and subject m atter will be discussed. There is alternative argument that states the play is in fact a tragedy. Secondly, does this supposed morality play have a moral? In order to answer this question, the tone of certain parts of the play will be analyzed. To determine if Dr. FaustusRead MoreComparing Oedipus The King And Antigone1311 Words   |  6 PagesEmily Morris Dr. Brooks ENC 1102 8 December 2015 Different Qualities, Same Fate When analyzing both Oedipus the King and Antigone, Oedipus and Antigone are very alike in ways. When reading these plays, the mind is wired to compare how the protagonists are alike, and contrast how they are different. Antigone and Oedipus are idolized by the people, but the legacy of Oedipus seems to have been altered due to the fact that he has experienced bad past family relationships; therefore as Gale explains,Read MoreDr. Faustus Is a Morality Play Without a Moral. Discuss.2775 Words   |  12 PagesIn forming an answer to this question there are two aspects which must be considered. Firstly we must decide whether Dr Faustus is a morality play; I will do this by discussing the play s form, content and subject matter in an attempt to categorise the play. I will also offer an alternative argument by saying that the play is in fact a tragedy. Secondly we must decide whether or not it has a moral; to do this I will consider the tone of certain parts of the play, in particular the Chorus speechesRead MoreFire Causes Mental Illness in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea1273 Words   |  6 PagesPeople that the child was once at great ease with unexpectedly are transformed into completely different people in the childs eyes. For an adult, traumatic experiences are easier to handle, at least in my opinion. But for a child, going through a tragic event could completely destroy the type of character that a child has been molded into. A prime example of a traumatic early childhood experience is a fire, especially when the fire occurs in the childs home. When she was a child, Antoinette MasonRead MoreTwo Different Prospects for the Future: Ray Bradburys and Margaret Atwood1657 Words   |  7 Pageshave both scorned him for taking an interest in literature, as they both believe in this society where superficiality and complacency reign. As he begins to express dissent, he is made into an outcast and forced to retreat from his society; a similar fate to his curious acquaintance Clarisse McClellan who, because of her inquisitive and â€Å"queer† nature, was being monitored by authorities (Bradbury 57). Along with professor Faber who was forced into hiding, these people have, as Diane Wood puts it, decidedRead More Albert Camus Philosophy in The Plague Essays2831 Words   |  12 Pagestale of life and death is told by Dr. Rieux, who maintains that his business is only to say this is what happened, when he knows that it actually did happen, [and] that it closely affected the life of a whole populace [...] (Camus, The Plague, p.7). Of the novel, Germaine Bree says, considered in its totality [The Plague] transmits a personal experience lived in depth and which Camus could express in no other way. Camus spoke of the novel as a confession; Dr. Rieux speaks of his chronicleRead More Action and Observation in Shakespeares King Lear Essay2306 Words   |  10 Pagesembody an attempt to resolve or rectify, they are truly fatalistic. Kent then, is the Aristotelian observer. He participates in the action only by way of pity for Lear, and the result is that he shares his masters fate. His observations lead him to emotionalise events, and much like Dr Johnson, who found King Lear too horrid to be endured, he sees feelingly.3    But King Lear is a play of antitheses, and one might find a second, opposing model of observation in the character of EdgarRead Moreshakespeare influences16068 Words   |  65 Pagesï » ¿ RESEARCH TOPIC An Analytic Review Of Shakespearean Influence On Faulkner s Tragedy RESEARCH QUESTION How Shakespeare tragic patterns influenced on William Faulkner s writings? NAME: SYEDA AMBREEN FATIMA FATHER’S NAME: SYED HASAN AKHTER SEAT NO: 1315793 ENROLMENT NO: 2013/ENG/M.A(LIT)/15681 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 28TH NOV 2013 SUBMITTED TO: MISS SAMREENRead More We Are Marshall Movie Review1835 Words   |  8 Pages We are Marshall Movie review Running head: Assignment Two Assignment Two – Movie Review Kevin A. Michael University of Oklahoma SWK 5333(980) – Diversity and Oppression September 25, 2010 Professor: Dr. Mary Brandt Assignment Two – Movie Review Reason for Choice of Movie The selection of film, I have chosen, is based upon my infatuation with the very intriguing storyline it offers. At first, one may believe that the storyline is nothing more than another movie concerningRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Women s Emancipation2018 Words   |  9 PagesShe argues that the changes were not what they should be and that women were still held behind barriers, just different ones. It is â€Å"the tragic fate† that the â€Å"free woman does not consist of too many, but too few experiences† and that it â€Å"is of too narrow a scope to permit the boundless joy and ecstasy contained in the deep emotion of the true woman† (TWE, p. 2). Because of this lack of experience, women that wish to join the workforce must exert themselves even more than their male counterparts:

The Men We Carry in Our Minds Analysis Essay - 889 Words

An Analysis of â€Å"The Men We Carry in Our Minds† Alex Pinto British Columbia Institute of Technology LIBS 7001 January 29, 2012 AN ANALYSIS OF â€Å"THE MEN WE CARRY IN OUR MINDS† In the essay, â€Å"The Men We Carry in Our Minds†, Scott Russell Sanders discusses his perspective on men in comparison to the impression that women carry in their minds. Sanders uses a unique way of writing through narration and life experiences to truly illustrate his point that the impressions of men or women are based on ones own life experiences. As a young boy knowing only of the hardships of workingmen, Sanders later experiences drastic social differences when he receives a scholarship to attend a university â€Å"meant for the children of the†¦show more content†¦Using the color’s Black and White, Sanders clearly emphasizes the comparison between both completely different social classes. Sanders also states his topic sentence last to support and conclude his comparative narration at the beginning. This ties his narration into his climatic and summarizing point that show the difference between â€Å"the twin poles† of his early vision of manhood . These are the main ideas of his essay to depict the â€Å"brute toiling animal and the boss†, which are then mention and described later in the essay. It is an effective way to begin because it directly states the scope of his thesis and previews the upcoming sections to come. As Sanders later develops his image of a hardworking man being either a â€Å"warrior† or â€Å"toiler†, he bridges the gap between the poor and the rich by mentioning his scholarship to college. â€Å"A scholarship enabled me not only to attend college, a rare enough feat in my circle, but even to study in a university meant for the children of the rich†(para. 7). This transition also enables him to talk about the hardships that the women experienced in comparison to the men. â€Å"And for the first time I met women who told me that men were guilty of having kept all the joys and privileges of the earth for themselves† (para. 7). Near the beginning of the essay, Sanders focusedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Presentation of Self Claim522 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"director† seeing what goes on in everyday life. He called this observation of the world dramaturgical analysis. He applied terms to this explanation, which include the concepts of status and role. He referred the â€Å"part in a play† as the status, and then the â€Å"script† is the role. His claim of presentation of self was used to describe â€Å"a person’s efforts to create specific impressions in the minds of others.† Goffman thought that when any individual is around others, they would try to â€Å"put on an act†Read MoreFunctionalism, Interactionism and Conflict Theory964 Words   |  4 PagesThree main theories are used to gain a perspective view on our experiences and beliefs of the past, present, and future. These enable people to help gain the knowledge of why people do what they do. The level of stud y and research on these three differ. Functionalists and conflict theories focus on the macro level; where an extensive large scale comparison of society is examined with others of the same general class. Symbolic interactionist usually focuses on the micro level of social interactionRead MoreExplanation of Human Behavior867 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behavior, and another between the environment and behavior. As scientists, psychologists follow scientific methods, using careful observation, experimentation and analysis. But psychologists also need to be creative in the way they apply scientific findings.†(APA, 2014) How psychology developed into science is when Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt whom a German physician philosopher, physiologist and professor and also theRead MoreAn Examination Of Gender And Sexual Differences1191 Words   |  5 Pagesexplain something, especially one based on general pr inciples independent of the thing to be explained. (Webster Dictionary) Joyce Rosemary argues and sees it as an examination of gender (2013). This should explain only perceived differences between men and women but also the male dominance. Joyce Rosemary (2013) traces presence of the naturalization of biological differences to the initial arguments of feminists women subordinate the status was based on cultural reaction to universal female biologyRead MoreThe Marketing Mix Of Nordstrom1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmostly British styled. The selection of items are also vary from suits to casual and even sportswear, too. In service side, Nordstrom provides unmatched customer service for men by customizing products and providing tailored services to their needs. They also have service called Trunk Club, which gives fashion direction to men who don’t have time and who don’t know what to wear. Nordstrom tries everything they can do to provide customers with desired merchandise and satisfied services. The menswearRead MoreKing Lear Important Quotes and Summaries1723 Words   |  7 PagesKING LEAR ACT I Act I, sc. i: quote: â€Å"Fairest Cordelia, that art most rich, being poor; Most choice, forsaken; and most loved, despised!† speaker: King of France to Cordelia analysis: King Lear has disowned his youngest daughter because she did not express in words how much she loved him. When Burgundy and the King of France come to claim her as their love, Lear tells the she is worthless, and ask if they still would want her, Burgundy doesnt but the King of France does. ActRead MoreThe Happiness Advantage By Shawn Achor983 Words   |  4 PagesAchor s argument is valid in that happiness should come before success because there is a clear advantage to being successful in an individual’s work life, personal sphere, and liveliness if they are happy first and foremost. Achor utilizes a meta-analysis, or the combination of different findings, of over 200 scientific studies to prove his overall theory that happiness leads to success in almost every aspect of life from family to friends to careers and businesses. He does not rely solely on theRead More Coersion and Rape Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesseems absurd. In the most basic terms, and with the simplest definitions, no means no, and okay, yeah, yes and please, all mean yes. The term NO is not very complicated, and is probably the word that was repeated to us the most as children, so we should all get that one right. But still, how can yes mean no? Apparently through a term known as verbal coersion, which allows a large grey area to form between these simple answers to sometimes complicated questions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Verbal Coersion isRead MoreThe Happiness Advantage By Shawn Achor986 Words   |  4 PagesAchor s argument is valid in that happiness should come before success because there is a clear advantage to being successful in an individuals work life, personal sphere, and liveliness if they are happy first and foremost. Achor utilizes a meta-analysis, or the combination of different findings, of over 200 scientific studies to prove his overall theory that happiness leads to success in almost every aspect of life from family to friends to careers and businesses. He does not rely solely on theRead MoreThe Language Of Nature In Thanatopsis By William Cullen Bryant712 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Thanatopsis†, William Cullen Bryant introduces his logic on why we should see the favorable circumstances within nature. He speculates his reasoning that there is an innate capacity to brighten up all of the sinister thoughts that frequently occur in our brain and consciousness. He elaborates that we shouldn’t take the time to endure the way of perturbing ourselves in relation to death, because death is unavoidable and imminent. Alternatively, we ought to take that time to be grateful and acknowledge the

Eating Behaviour In Schools Education Essay Free Essays

Unhealthy eating behaviour can do obesity disease. This disease can happen both in kids and grownup. Fleshiness in kids or childhood fleshiness is an energy instability between Calories consumed and Calories expended. We will write a custom essay sample on Eating Behaviour In Schools Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unhealthy life style during childhood can be causes disablement in maturity and diabetes. The prevalence of fleshy kids around the universe has increased dramatically in recent old ages. In 2010 the figure of fleshy kids under the age of five, is estimated to be over 42 million. Close to 35 million of these are populating in developing states ( WHO, 2011 ) . WHO recognizes that the increasing prevalence of childhood fleshiness consequences from alterations in society. Childhood fleshiness is chiefly associated with unhealthy eating and low degrees of physical activity. Children and game is ever something together. Educational games â€Å" are games designed with specific course of study aims in head † ( Royle, 2008 ) frequently games that have been used in instruction have been developed to back up the pattern of factual information. Educational game might be the most suited game for the pre-school kids which bring cognition to the kids. Computer-based instruction games are the combination of instruction and amusement and copy the real-life environment. Game based acquisition ( GBL ) is remains one of the most effectual instruction schemes to advance acquisition. Among all application package, computing machine games are holding a shorter larning curve. If used efficaciously in a coherent and relevant manner, GBL can back up both the option of more pick for how the scholar can larn every bit good as offering the potency for personalising the acquisition experience ( Sugimoto, 2007 ) . PROBLEM STATEMENT Overweight and fleshiness is an emerging job among kids worldwide. In Thailand, the prevalence of fleshiness in 5-to-12 twelvemonth olds kids rose from12.2 % to 15.6 % in merely two old ages ( Rerkuppaphol, 2010 ) . To forestall childhood fleshiness is non really hard. The kids must devour healthy nutrient, particularly the pre-school kids in the age 3-7 old ages old they may non cognize what they should eat or should non because of their unequal ability has limited and deficiency of experience ( Zhang, 2009 ) . RESEARCH QUESTION This survey aims to reply the undermentioned inquiries: Do kids larn about healthy nutrient and nutrition? Is kids has ability to retrieve the healthy nutrient after playing game-based acquisition courseware? RESEARCH OBJECTIVE The chief aim is to develop an synergistic game based larning courseware about healthy feeding. To accomplish this aim, the following sub-objectives have been identified: To supply cognition about nutrient foods to kids. To measure learning ability of kids after playing healthy eating game-based courseware. Scope This GBL merchandise is developing for pre-school kids in kindergarten, Thailand. The name of courseware is Happy Healthy Meal. It is about learning kids what healthy nutrients are. Before kids start the game, they will larn nutrition of each nutrient. Each nutrient will stand for nutrition to assist pupil easier to understand. There are 2 chief bill of fare for this courseware. First bill of fare is the presenting nutrient that will be used in the game. It will learn kids larn about healthy nutrient and nutrition. It will demo the image and nutrition of each nutrient in text. After finish all the nutrient debut, it will endorse to the chief bill of fare. Second is the game bill of fare where the kids will get down to play game here. It will supply direction how to play before kids start to play. This merchandise usage nutrient as a chief object. In this game, healthy nutrient and unhealthy nutrient will drop from the top. The kids need to snap on healthy nutrient merely before it gone. There is a male child as chief character. If the kids click on unhealthy nutrient, the character will be acquiring fat till game is over. But if the kids on the healthy nutrient, the character will be healthier like ruddy cheek, smiling, leaping. The position of character can promote kids larning actively. ( Zhang, 2009 ) This merchandise is deliverable in Cadmium and will be presenting in Thai linguistic communication. LITERATURE REVIEW 6.1 Game-based acquisition In this literature will demo how GBL can pull kids. Rieber ( 2005 ) indicates â€Å" larning is believed to be achieved through active battle in which the instructor provides support, resources and encouragement † . Normally, pupils show their battle in playing complex computing machine games much more than they show in their school work. Prensky ( 2005 ) said that in order to do acquisition occur, pedagogues must first motivate and prosecute pupil in their acquisition activities. For battle to happen, pedagogue must make an environment that encourages student-teacher contact, cooperation among pupils and active participants between. Sing the difference in battle, the factor between media and GBL environments is the integrating of the game features. Hence, the intent of this GBL is besides to look into if a game is a better attack for actuating the involvement acquisition than other multimedia map entirely. Computer games provide a good environment for larning. The theories of larning are behavioural larning theory, cognitive acquisition theory and motive theory ( Sugimoto, 2007 ) . 6.2 Educational game design Cordova et Al. ( 1996 ) have shown that enhanced larning which is merriment can be more effectual. Using some simple educational undertakings, they demonstrated that larning embedded in a motivation puting improved learning results and that battle can ease acquisition. Learning occurs when the scholar is mentally involved and actively interacts within the game, where a balance of challenge and possible classs of action is provided. Harmonizing to Alessi A ; Trollip ( 1991 ) educational game can be divided into three chief parts such as the debut, the organic structure of the game and the decision. Figure 6.1 show these parts. games.tiff Figure 6.1: The general construction and flow of the games Game in Health attention Game for wellness attention is the games that move beyond the educational stage to the longer-term support of kids with chronic status. Games can utilize to actuate the kids by â€Å" reenforcing healthy picks, reminding of intervention particulars, deflecting their attending, and keeping more complete wellness position and intervention record † ( Watters et al. , 2006 ) . Pollak et Al. ( 2010 ) had developed a game â€Å" Time To Eat † a nomadic phone based intended to better adolescent eating behaviour. They designed the game like virtual-pet attention. The game focuses on pet attention as portion of a kid ‘s day-to-day modus operandi, which fits good with behavior alteration theoretical accounts in which repeated support. Watter et al. , ( 2006 ) has developed the long term intervention game. The participant will hold ain pet that kept in the back pack. If the participant neglects to take attention of the pet at appropriate times during the twenty-four hours the pet begins to look ailment. The nutrient pick is presented during the drama of this game to feed the favored become wellness. Methodology Methodology describes the stages involved in developing the games based acquisition. There are more than 100 different ISD theoretical accounts, but about all are based on the generic â€Å" ADDIE † theoretical account, which stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation, as illustrated in the Figure below. Each measure has an result that feeds the subsequent measure. Figure7.1 shows the ADDIE procedure. addieModel Figure 7.1: ADDIE Model 7.1 Analysis The Analysis stage is the most of import stage in the ADDIE theoretical account. It identifies countries pre-school kids necessitating to larn about this merchandise, restraints exists, when this undertaking will be completed and what will pre-school kids make to find their competence. Developer will analyze the ends and aim of the presentation and the nature of participants to seek to find the rightness of the instructional design. 7.2 Design The Design stage is concerned with capable affair analysis, game planning and media choice. It besides involves planing elaborate storyboards to ease the media development and content integrating. The user interface is an of import constituent and is the chief nexus between the pre-school kids and the acquisition courseware. In this stage, all the consequences from the analysis stage to make a design for direction. Development In this stage, all sound, image, and nutrition content are collected, prepared, created and ready to be tested. Adobe Flash CS3 will utilize to make life and do the game expression synergistic. Sound Forge will utilize as audio tools. The content development squad develops instructional media based on the results of the design stage. Execution The execution stage consists the testing of the undertaking with the pre-school kids. The kids will utilize Graphical User Interface ( GUI ) to take portion in developing direction. As we know, new merchandise normally represents a going from the manner concern is presently done. Evaluation Evaluation stage the kids and the instructional system are investigate to make up one’s mind whether alterations are necessary or non. This stage include kids and instructor provide feedback on the effectivity of the games. Undertaking SIGNIFICANT Using GBL can give large impact because these games differ from another game in the market. Furthermore, this is a manner to make something that is impressive plenty for people to stand up and take notice of GBL merchandise. Teaching utilizing GBL technique can assist teacher particularly to pull kids because this GBL merchandise was apply multimedia component by utilizing 2 Dimension ( 2D ) and sound. This courseware might promote the instructors and parents to improvize their ICT accomplishments and hands-on acquisition as a learning tool. How to cite Eating Behaviour In Schools Education Essay, Essay examples

Corporate Social Responsibility Research Enterprises †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Social Responsibility Research Enterprises. Answer: Introduction NSW Sydney Transportation Company is involved in the business of developing safe, integrated along with effective transport systems for the people residing in Sydney. The companys consumers are the main focus of the company in developing strategies related with transport planning, policy and procurement along with non-service delivery options. Delivery functions of the company include all modes of transport such as rail, roads, ferries, light rail and point to point (Transport.nsw.gov.au. 2018). The objective of this report is to analyse the accounting concerns faced by NSW Sydney Transportation Company that is listed in ASX Top 100 Companies. Moreover, a critical and detailed evaluation of the companys effectiveness to address the obligations of the Australian accounting framework will be analysed. The accounting issues faced by the NSW Sydney Transportation Company are observed to be in the areas of offering efficient support to the companies in order to develop the financial statements (Barth 2015). The issues dealt by the company is also regarding necessary regulations, outlines along with standards that are offered to the business companies for developing the financial statements. Other than that, certain other business accounting issues is deemed to be associated with financial reporting that can be addressed in case the regulations and norms of conceptual framework is implemented. This is the reason for which it is gathered that maintenance of conceptual framework and General Purpose Financial Reporting guideline is necessary in playing several roles in the financial aspects of the company (Bruce and Martnez 2016). Considering such concerns it has been gathered that the accounting conceptual framework serves as a vital aspect for this transportation company in considerati on to the financial reporting. It can also be recognised that NSW Sydney Transportation Company deals with the issues existing within their conceptual framework in IFRS for financial reporting. In such context, it might also be recognised that the company faces issues related to abiding by the conceptual accounting framework. This is considers by the company in order to offer meaningful information to its stakeholders that can assist them in taking necessary financial decisions regarding the firm. Conceptual Framework Application in the Company The annual report of NSW Sydney Transportation Company includes certain vital information regarding compliance with several aspects of accounting conceptual framework (Bryce, Ali and Mather 2015). Based on the annual report of 2017, it is gathered that the company has followed policies and accounting guidelines of Corporations Act 2001 and Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB) for financial reporting. One of the major applications of this conceptual framework in NSW Sydney Transportation Company indicates the responsibility of the company in offering meaningful and valuable financial information to its stakeholders. This can assist them in making effective financial decisions (Camfferman and Zeff 2015). The second application of this accounting conceptual framework in the company is focussed on explaining the financial information represented. This is in order to be helpful in anticipating timing, amount along with uncertainties related with cash flows of the firm. Considering the same, cash flow statement of NSW Sydney Transportation Company facilitates users in gathering information regarding organizational cash inflows and outflows (Carson, Farther and Zhang 2016). The third application of this conceptual framework is deemed to be necessary for NSW Sydney Transportation Company in gathering required information related to its resources that is helpful to users in their financial decision making process. The companys statement of financial position complies with AASB regulations (Henderson et al. 2015). Recognition Criteria for a Conceptual Framework There are distinct asset categories for NSW Sydney Transportation Company. In case of property, plant and equipment, this is measured at cost after deducting the accumulated depreciation and impairment losses (Perera and Chand 2015). In consideration to the intangible assets, goodwill is measured at expenses less than impairment loss. The self-constructed assets take into consideration the direct labour, part of overhead and material cost (Loyeung et al. 2016). Certain other intangible assets are measured at expense less accumulated impairment loss and amortization of any type. NSW Sydney Transportation Company encompasses several liability types as gathered from the annual report. In consideration to deferred tax liabilities, the company follows the method of balance sheet. This provides for the temporary variations between the carrying amounts for taxation liabilities along with purposes of financial reporting (Watty et al. 2014). For contingent liabilities, the vital aspects are guarantee that is developed in normal business course set out in sale of properties and development applications. NSW Sydney Transportation Company did not make any provision of $2.9 million in self-insured risks. NSW Sydney Transportation Company segments ordinary shares as a part of equity. This serves as incremental costs attribution to the issued shares within the organization. These costs are subtracted from overall equity of the company (Watson 2015). In NSW Sydney Transportation Company, realization of revenue is done at the time considerable risks and rewards of ownership are transferred at the time it is deemed that revenue can be attained and can e reliably measured. The service revenue recognition is conducted relied on completion stage of customer contract. In case of NSW Sydney Transportation Company, recognition of expenditures is relied on some categories. Among such expenses includes commitment for expenditure that encompass the payable company contracts. Qualitative Characteristics of the Conceptual Framework The characteristics of the conceptual framework indicate the compliance degree of the vital qualitative aspects of NSW Sydney Transportation Companys accounting framework. This aspect of the conceptual framework indicates that NSW Sydney Transportation Companys financial information must be proper for better stakeholder understanding (Watty et al. 2014). This can facilitate its users in gaining overview of the similarities and differences amongst several financial statements. Based on the annual report of the company it can be gathered that its financial statements are represented in simple charts, graphs and tables. Considering the same, it can be simpler for the creditors and investors to analyse NSW Sydney Transportation Companys financial position in comparison to other types of organizations in Australian market. This qualitative characteristic of the accounting framework necessitates that NSW Sydney Transportation Company must consider publishing its financial information within a predefined time (Perera and Chand 2015). NSW Sydney Transportation Company publishes its financial information in an easy format and publishes both the interim and annual reports that results in adherence to timeliness. This aspect of the conceptual framework indicates the capability of the NSW Sydney Transportation Companys financial information users in verifying the provided financial position provided in the companys financial position (Bryce, Ali and Mather 2015). In order to address this qualitative characteristic, NSW Sydney Transportation Company has represented notes to all accounting estimates indicated in annual report. In adherence to this characteristic of the accounting conceptual framework, it is vital for NSW Sydney Transportation Company to represent the financial information in a manner that can facilitate its users to understand the same in a better manner (Perera and Chand 2015). NSW Sydney Transportation Company reports its financial information in an easy format in order to attain a proper insight for its users. It is vital for NSW Sydney Transportation Company to report their financial information relied on true and fair values. Based on the audit report of KMPG, NSW Sydney Transportation Company is deemed to comply with the necessary accounting standards. This indicates faithful representation of the companys financial information (Bryce, Ali and Mather 2015). The financial information provided by NSW Sydney Transportation Company is needed to be important that can support financial decision making. The company is observed to abide by the regulations and standards presented by AASB, Corporations Act 2001 and IFRS. In addition to same, it also takes into consideration the recent tax and depreciation rate (Perera and Chand 2015). This further indicates the financial information importance of NSW Sydney Transportation Company annual report. Conclusion The objective of this report is to analyse the accounting concerns faced by NSW Sydney Transportation Company that is listed in ASX Top 100 Companies. It was gathered from the paper that the accounting issues faced by the NSW Sydney Transportation Company is observed to be in the areas of offering efficient support to the companies in order to develop the financial statements. Moreover, based on the annual report of the company it can be gathered that its financial statements are represented in simple charts, graphs and tables. In order to address this qualitative characteristic, NSW Sydney Transportation Company has represented notes to all accounting estimates indicated in annual report. Based on the accounting issues faced by NSW Sydney Transportation Company recommendations are provided. This includes in order for the reported financial information to be represented in clarified manner for users the company must make sure that financial statements are limited to information from previous and recent conditions along with transactions. Moreover, NSW Sydney Transportation Company must also determine whether a recognised item within the expense or income is presented in the profit or loss. Certain conceptual principles must also be followed by the company such as offsetting, cohesiveness, classification, aggregation along with scope of information. This includes notes within financial statements such as disclosure. References Barth, M.E., 2015. Financial accounting research, practice, and financial accountability.Abacus,51(4), pp.499-510. Brusca, I. and Martnez, J.C., 2016. Adopting International Public Sector Accounting Standards: a challenge for modernizing and harmonizing public sector accounting.International Review of Administrative Sciences,82(4), pp.724-744. Bryce, M., Ali, M.J. and Mather, P.R., 2015. Accounting quality in the pre-/post-IFRS adoption periods and the impact on audit committee effectivenessEvidence from Australia.Pacific-Basin Finance Journal,35, pp.163-181. Camfferman, K. and Zeff, S.A., 2015.Aiming for global accounting standards: the International Accounting Standards Board, 2001-2011. Oxford University Press, USA. Carson, E., Fargher, N. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Trends in auditor reporting in Australia: a synthesis and opportunities for research.Australian Accounting Review,26(3), pp.226-242. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Leung, P., Coram, P., Cooper, B.J. and Richardson, P., 2014.Modern Auditing and Assurance Services 6e. Wiley. Loyeung, A., Matolcsy, Z., Weber, J. and Wells, P., 2016. The cost of implementing new accounting standards: The case of IFRS adoption in Australia. Australian Journal of Management,41(4), pp.611-632. Perera, D. and Chand, P., 2015. Issues in the adoption of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES).Advances in Accounting,31(1), pp.165-178. Transport.nsw.gov.au., 2018.Transport for NSW Annual Reports | Transport for NSW. [online] Available at: https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/reports-and-publications/transport-for-nsw-annual-reports [Accessed 6 Apr. 2018]. Watson, L., 2015. Corporate social responsibility research in accounting.Journal of Accounting Literature,34, pp.1-16. Watty, K., Freeman, M., Howieson, B., Hancock, P., OConnell, B., De Lange, P. and Abraham, A., 2014. Social moderation, assessment and assuring standards for accounting graduates.Assessment Evaluation in Higher Education,39(4), pp.461-478.

40 Synonyms for Different

40 Synonyms for Different 40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different† 40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different† By Mark Nichol Looking for a different way to say â€Å"different†? Here are forty more or less distinct synonyms, along with their sometimes similar, sometimes disparate meanings. 1. Alternate: arranged or occurring in turns, or see alternative; also, every other (also a verb) 2. Alternative: referring to a choice; also, apart from the conventional or usual 3. Assorted: consisting of different kinds 4. Differing: see distinct, or changing from one case or situation to another; also, disagreeing 5. Discernible: able to be recognized as different; also detectable or recognizable 6. Discrete: see distinct 7. Disparate: see distinct, or incompatibly different 8. Dissimilar: not alike 9. Distant: different in kind; also, separated or far away from, going a long way, or far behind, or reserved in behavior, or distracted 10. Distinct: separate, or readily distinguishable; also, notable or unmistakable 11. Divergent: differing from each other or from a standard 12. Divers: see various (also an unrelated and differently pronounced plural form of diver) 13. Diverse: see distinct, or unlike 14. Eclectic: Drawn from various sources, or see heterogeneous 15. Heterogeneous: consisting of dissimilar ingredients or parts 16. Idiosyncratic: having a distinguishable quality; also, eccentric, or hypersensitive 17. Indiscriminate: see heterogeneous or motley; also, random, unrestrained, or careless about distinction 18. Individual: see separate; also, pertaining to an individual or individuality (also a noun) 19. Kitchen-sink: consisting of noticeably different parts; also, referring to the degrading aspects of poverty 20. Magpie: collected indiscriminately; also, acquisitive (also, a person who collects indiscriminately or chatters, or the bird whose behavior inspires these usages) 21. Manifold: see diverse or various; also, many, or consisting of various qualities (also an unrelated noun) 22. Miscellaneous: see diverse 23. Mixed: consisting of more than one kind (also a verb) 24. Motley: incongruously diverse; also, having different-colored markings 25. Multifarious: see diverse or various 26. Particular: see distinct; also, detailed, specific, or exacting or meticulous (also, in plural form, a noun) 27. Peculiar: distinctive; also, unusual or abnormal (this negative connotation predominates, so use with caution) 28. Piebald: consisting of incongruous parts; also, consisting of different colors (especially black and white) 29. Promiscuous: consisting of all types, or not restricted to one type; also, casual, irregular, or tending to have multiple sexual partners (because of this provocative connotation, promiscuous is rarely used in other senses) 30. Raggle-taggle: see motley 31. Ragtag: see motley; also, ragged or slovenly 32. Respective: see separate 33. Separate: not similar; also, autonomous, detached, or individual (also a verb) 34. Several: see distinct and separate; also, exclusive or relating separately, or a few 35. Single: unlike any other; also, lone, unmarried, or celibate, or honest or exclusive, or designed for one, or having only one item or part, or undivided 36. Singular: distinctive; also, exceptional or unusual, or pertaining to a single thing 37. Sundry: miscellaneous or various 38. Variant: varying slightly; also, demonstrating disagreement or variety (also a noun) 39. Varied: see diverse and various; also, having different-colored markings (also a verb) 40. Various: unlike, or of differing kinds, or see separate; also, individual, or having a number of qualities, or an indefinite number more than one Note, however, that different is often redundant, as in â€Å"They came up with many different ideas† (do you need to specify that the ideas they came up with were not identical?), so consider whether it is necessary to replace the deleted word at all. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageProved vs. ProvenThe Difference Between "Un-" and "Dis-"

Enron Corporation

Enron Corporation Introduction Enron Corporation was an American company that used to manufacture diverse products and provide services. It was based in Houston, Texas. According to Fusaro Miller (2002), the story of this company is considered to be the most spectacular and scandalous business failure in history.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Enron Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Before it became bankrupt in 2001, the company had employed about 22,000 people. Enron was among the leading company in products such as gas, paper, pulp, electricity and many more. Its revenue hit the $ 101 billion mark by the year 2000 but unfortunately met its death a year later (Deakin and Konzelmann, 2003). The downfall came as a surprise to many, since it had been named as the most innovative company a while ago. It was realized later that financial situation and success had been sustained by mere acts of corruption in form of accounting fraud. This got the name the Enron scandal. Since then, the company has served as an example of a company run through corruption and fraud (Salter, 2008). This paper will use Enron as a case study while addressing how it upset the tenets of agency theory and looked at the presumed priority of shareholders interests above those of other stakeholders. Agency theory The classic definition of agency theory proposes that a company can be regarded as a network of contracts between the holders of resources. This relationship occurs when one or more people, known as principals, hire other people to do particular tasks and leave the decision-making process to the agents. Some examples of such a relationship are the manager and stakeholder, and the relationship between stockholders and debt holders (Jesen and Meckling, 1994). Agency theory depicts the issues that occur in these relationships and they are referred to as the agency conflicts. These are the conflicting interests of the agents a nd their principals. Such things have a negative effect on the business ethics and on corporate governance (Fischer and Lovell, 2006). This also has a negative impact on the economy since there is an agency cost, which is the cost incurred in order to sustain an efficient agency relationship. Such costs may come in form of the management performance bonuses that are meant to give encouragement to the managers to behave in such a way as to favor the shareholders.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Limitations to agency theory One assumption to the agency theory is that whenever the principal-agent goal is not congruent, then the behavior that instills the self-interest of the agent in utilizing to the maximum results in the maximization of wealth by the principal. Another limitation is that the compensation incentives that are meant to align the agents and the principa ls are likely to spur the agents to maximize their utility and consequently maximize the wealth of the company. Another limitation to agency theory is that there is the lack of empirical support for such a relationship among principals and agents. This leads to the coming up of two different responses. One of them is that the research that would come up in the future should change and perform a better job in terms of measuring the variables at the agencies. The second thing would be to focus more on the process rather than the issues to do with the structure. In other words, they would require the use of longitudinal studies (John, 2007). Enron case The Enron case was that of bankruptcy and this occurred in October 2001. It was additionally attributed as the largest audit failure in American. In 1985, Kenneth Lay formed Enron. This happened after there was a merger between InterNorth and Houston Natural gas. Later on, a certain manager was hired and that was the beginning of Enronâ €™s downfall. This was because he hired a group of employees (executives) who could cleverly use the loopholes in accounting to provide incorrect financial reports. This is whereby the company could hide its huge debts and avoid reporting failed projects. The CEO and other executives made a lie out of the BODs of Enron and at the same time insisted that Andersen should ignore it. The shareholders lost billions of dollars when the stock price came down so bad. The cause of all this was the lack of transparency and accountability when it came to the financial statements (Fox, 2003). Presumed priority of shareholders interests The theory of shareholder primacy asserts that the interests of the shareholders should be put as the first priority. This gives the shareholders the power to directly intercede in the decision making process in the corporations and this includes amending some corporate charters (Smith, 1998). Conclusion Enron was one of the leading companies that supplied a variety of products in America but failed due to some bad managerial practices that included corruption. The corrupt leaders violated the agreement between the shareholders and disregarded the priorities that should govern such relationships. The shareholders ended up in losing billions on investments that has never yield any fruits. Bad leadership is to blame for the death of a great corporation that served the people with goods and services. The shareholders, who formed the larger part of the community, were the ones that suffered most for the mistakes made by others.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Enron Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Deakin, S Konzelmann, S 2003, ‘After Enron: An age of enlightenment?’, Organization, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 583-587. Fischer, C Lovell, A 2006, Business ethics and values, London, FT. Fox, L 2003. Enron: The rise and fall, John Wiley Sons, New Y ork. Fusaro, PC Miller, RM 2002, What went wrong at Enron: everyones guide to the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Jesen, E Meckling, W 1994, The nature of man, Harvard University Press, Harvard. John, F 2007, ‘Professor Bebchuk’s brave new world: A reply to the myth of the shareholder Franchise’, Virginia Law Review, Vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 773-787. Salter, M 2008, Innovation corrupted: The origins and legacy of Enron’s collapse, Harvard University Press, Harvard.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Smith, D 1998, ‘The shareholder primacy norm’, Journal of Corporation Law, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 296.

Symbolism in The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe Essay

Symbolism in The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe - Essay Example As he tells his frequently bizarre and frightening tales, Poe presents his readers with symbol-rich imagery and descriptions based on binary oppositions to help build the suspense and horror of his tale. As Mowery explains, binary oppositions are things such as hot and cold, male and female, dark and light. â€Å"It is in the subtle shifts in our expectations of the character that tension and conflict are developed† (1997). This concept is frequently illustrated in terms of the madness that comes upon characters as they experience deep feelings that had potential to overwhelm. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† Edgar Allan Poe uses madness and symbolism to convey love and hate. Poe employs two primary objects in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† to illustrate the cause of his narrator’s madness. The old man’s eye is the first of these symbols to appear within the text of the story. As the narrator attempts to explain why he felt led to murder, he says, It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. Object there was none. Passion there was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture – a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees – very gradually – I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye for ever. (156). Basic medical knowledge to the modern reader quickly identifies this condition as symptoms of a cataract, a film that gradually creeps over the eye of an elderly person, eventually rendering him or her blind while also changing the color of the eye to a pale bluish color. It is this encroachment that seems to so bother the narrator, â€Å"it was not the old man who vexed

Wal Mart - Economic part Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wal Mart - Economic part - Essay Example The primary data I used to get a glimpse of the nature of issues facing Wal-Mart included visiting a number of branches and observing the in-store traffic. I also observed the type of customers by age and observed the items that they picked as their preferences. I also interviewed the customers about the nature of services that they expect to find in all Wal-Mart stores. The secondary data I used include scrutinizing the monthly and annual sales report that is compiled by employees. I also read the company report that shows its annual expansion rate. Although Wal-Mart has experienced a remarkable growth and expansion in its market over the years, there still exists a large market for expansion in both domestic and overseas market. This if exploited will enable it to continue dominating grocery retail and consumer goods markets. With this kind of expansion, Wal-Mart would become the market leader by revenue and profitability. Wal-Mart can also take advantage of the economic opportunities by target different segments, especially the more affluent populations. This requires demystify the notion that discount prices are only meant for those with low incomes. Serious awareness is needed that discount stores and there to save money for all citizens as a way of improving their economic status. To appeal to all classes of customers, there is need to increase product availability by increasing the number of each product line. Wal-Mart will continue to lead the market because low prices will always attract customers. This is may remain a competitive advantage for Wal-Mart for a long time since the global economy is experiencing recession and may remain so for a long foreseeable future. Wal-Mart can overcome competition by offering to better prices by adopting the most effective supply, high quality products, and therefore becoming different from its competitors. It has the most effective supply chain

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 36

Case Study Example ase idea will benefit travelers in that they will be able to book a full package in that; if they are touring a region they can get all the services at one stop. Services such as the airline to use, the vehicle to use when on land and hotels are inclusive and easily accessible. In this exhibit, there will be benefits both to travelers and the travel agencies in that; the traveler can travel according to their potentials where there is a category for budget travelers who do not require using a lot of money, while the luxury travelers will require more comfort. Decision making will be easier for the travelling agencies due to the classifications of travelers (Mohinder, 2009). This classification will be beneficial to the agencies in that they will be able to make decisions based on the ability of their clients and consequently treat a client fairly and thus increasing their customer base (David & Nancy, 2012). This exhibit according to the case idea demonstrates the customer base beginning from 2007 when a new CEO is hired. Considering the vertical axis as the customer base in hundreds of thousands and the horizontal axis as the years moving forward, it illustrates that in the year 2007 the customer base was at 600,000. The figure increases to 800,000 customers in 2011 resulting from the acquisition of 16 percent by Tencent Company. This figure is predicted to rise in 2017 due to the recommendations made and the figure is projected to be at one million customers. This means the customer base in the projected future life will increase accordingly (Mohinder, 2009). Considering exhibit 5, the case idea recommends that the increase in the customer base through the methods stated earlier, will lead to increase in the profits due to increase in the travel activities above (Harvard business review on thriving in emerging markets,

Training Cycles For A Basketball Player

Training Cycles For A Basketball Player I am designing a years training program for a basketball player who is at an academy level. I will be providing four cycles, a macrocycle, mesocycle and two detailed microcycle Key components of fitness for the player to improve are: Position: small forward 6ft 4 age 18- They are generally the most versatile player in the team. Should be an explosive player because they have to rebound the ball and have the strength to be able to guard the bigger players in the post. Muscular Endurance Basketball is a continuous game that goes on for 40minutes. It requires a high level of muscular endurance for continues jumping throughout the game e.g. for rebounds through out the game, for shooting the ball or for doing lay ups for the legs, the arms they need to constantly dribble, catch the ball, shoot the ball and pass. Importance: Muscular endurance allows the player to give continuous maximum effort through out the game with out fatigue affecting performance. The higher the level of endurance the better the performance as the sports requires constant jumping and sprinting (Muzawazi 2010). It is important that he has this because the athletes on an international level play a more intense game and it requires more energy to be exerted than on a national level that he is used to. Muscular Strength it is important that he has strength, as the description I put of his position above that he would have to guard bigger opponents. He would also need to help him when rebounding the ball to able to hold opponents off and also when he is being fouled while in the act of shooting, he would be able to have the strength to then attempt scoring. Power: the ability of a muscle to exert maximum force instantly in an explosive burst of movements in one muscular contraction. The two components of power are strength and speed (Neate, 1996). I will be focusing on improving his vertical leap ability in the preseason. It is important for him to have a greater leaping ability because then he can shoot jumper higher to shoot over taller players, contest for the rebounds with the taller players by being able to get off the ground quicker by being more explosive. Agility- A high level of agility is important at getting past agile defenders. Importance: having the ability to change direction without loosing speed and staying in control is a very important at being a good basketball player. Whether it is a tall who is not as agile as the smaller players but is more agile than his big opponents gives him an advantage. What are the goals? The athletes goals are that they want to perform well enough in the first part of the season at get recommended at to try out for the England U20 team. When are they to be achieved? The national team trials are to be held at the late December early January. They will be identified in the macrocycle. How are they going to be achieved? It has to be a double peak season as they will have to peak end of December early January for the trails then peak again late March for league playoffs and Cup finals and early April for international tournaments. Periodisation model I will be using the Matveyev model of Periodisation which puts the year plan into 3periods of training. There is a preparation, competition then the transition (the off season). The problem I have is with this model is that I need my athlete to peak at two parts of the season that is the middle and at the end of the season. The problem with this type of model of periodisation is that it doesnt allow for two peaks that I want my player to have so I have to try and achieve that by varying the intensity of training with my athlete. I didnt use models that allowed two peaks because they were not fitting to the basketball seasons. Cycles A microcycle lasts for five to 10 days for my program it will be a week cycle. It takes a week in from the mesocycle and shows it in as much detail as possible. A mesocycle usually covers four to 12 weeks it takes a part of a year cycle and shows a more detailed. A macrocycle can last from 10months to 4 years. This is can be used to plan season after season until a major event e.g. Olympics or can be planning for a major event that occurs each year e.g. playoffs. Programs Month Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar April May Jun Pre-season Season Offseason Strength training Basic Maximum Maintain Recovery Power Plyometrics Maintain Agility Drills Maintain Endurance Continuous Anaerobic Maintain Maintain Events T P/I.T Intensity Medium High High Medium High Medium High low low Key T- England trails P-Playoffs I.T International Tournament Strength Training As my athlete has not done much strength training I chose to start basic because it means that it gives them time to build a foundation for them to then start lifting heavier weights. It is important to prepare the body by targeting all of the major muscle groups, tendons, ligaments and joints helping to prevent injury (Bompa 1999). Maximal Strength part of the off season is not to build muscle or bulk up the player but is to increase the amount of maximum force he can produce from his muscles. Increase maximal muscle has to be specific to the sport and the movements involved. A more appropriate exercise however is a barbell squat, which closely matches the movement pattern of the vertical jump. Taken a step further, jump squats are even more specific to jumping and its not surprising that they increase vertical jump performance to the greatest extent (Wilson, Newton, Murphy, Humphries 1993). Though the athlete may undergo some hypertrophy because of the neuromuscular adaptations to the chronic stress of lifting heavier weights. The fast twitch fibres become thicker and increase their efficiency of the glycolysis. There will also be the conversion of the Type 11a fibres known as fast oxidative glycolytic fibres; they have the ability to adapt themselves depending on the athletes training. This is because basketb all is a game that relies on the anaerobic energy systems more than the aerobic system. I will be using free weights because the athlete will have to control the bar which means not only will they be recruiting monitor units for muscles being worked but also those which help gain control of the bar, stabilise it and maintain body balance (Wilmore, Costill 2004). Power Plyometrics-I included Plyometrics because it is perfect for increasing my athletes vertical leaping ability. It helps make the covert the maximal strength into power so that it is more specific to the sport. Strength is not useful unless it is can either be exerted when needed in a specific movement in the sport. Plyometrics is known as the jumping training, it is proposed to bridge the gap between speed and strength training. Plyometrics uses the stretch reflex to facilitate recruitment of motor units (Wilmore, Costill 2004). Muscular endurance I chose to start with aerobic training even though the game of basketball focuses on using the anaerobic systems. I chose to do this because Bompa (2005) suggest that starting with aerobic endurance first then secondly anaerobic is important because increasing the aerobic endurance allows for physiological improvements such as cardiovascular efficiency, biochemical improvements of increased mitochondria and capillary density and thus resulting in the greater diffusion and use of oxygen and the breakdown of fat and the removal of lactic acid. Agility I included agility to make sure that the athlete doesnt lose it because of hypertrophy that might occur from the strength training. He might increase in mass which might make it harder for him to move around swiftly. So putting agility drills in the preseason is to bring his agility back up to what it was in the previous season because he would have lost some in the off-season and then maintain it over the strength training period. Mesocycle Month Late March April May Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Strength training x x x Power x x Agility x x x Endurance x x x Skill and Strategies x x x x x x x Intensity H L M L L L L Matches 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 International Matches 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 I took this mesocycle from the most important part of the season. The playoffs and the international tournaments happen after each other. The play offs occur during the week before a half term and then the international tournament happens in the first week of the half term and allows for a rest week during the second week of the half term. Training in the weeks before the season ends is high because I want him to push the boundary he has been playing at mid season so that in the weeks of the playoffs and tournaments his strength and explosive ability has peaked as he might decrease in strength from doing medium intensity after peaking in December/January. I want his skill to peak because once he has the physical attributes to compete he will need his skill level to be at its highest all season so that he may dominate opponents and make an impact on his first appearance on the international stage. During the play off week and the international tournament week training will be low intensity consist of mostly skill and strategy based sessions because there will be no time in the week with 3 or 4 matches to have set up sessions to improve the components of fitness. The aim is to get as much rest as possible and spent time working on set plays and refining skills to win the tournament as physical preparation has already taken place. Microcycle Power phase (August-September) goal is to increase muscular power. Rest muscles for 2-3 minutes between sets and exercises. Do low reps at a high intensity which means doing it as fast as possible. 1-3 sets of 2-4 reps., 3 times a week. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Crunches, twist crunches Crunches Russian Twist Crunches, REST REST Legs: DB jump squat, jump lunges, Calf raisers Sideline touch and elbow shot 410 Total body: Clean and jerk Baseline the top of the key shot. 4x 10 Total Body: DB hang snatch, hang cleans Plyometrics Squat Depth Jump (410) 5 shuttle suicides Upper Body: Bench Press, Incline press Legs: stiff leg dead lifts, leg press. Calf raisers T-Test agility drill 3 attempts Skill work Arms: Biceps curls, triceps extensions Skill work Upper Body: DB incline, DB military 5 shuttle suicides Lane agility drill 3attempts Plyometrics Box Jump As I has stated above the table those are the number of reps and sets targeted to be done for each exercise unless stated otherwise in the table. At this point of the pre season I have started including basketball specific endurance drills so that athletes are preparing start preparing a shooting when they are tired mentality which is needed many times in basketball. Players that can shoot the ball well late into a game, stand out and also become the go to guys on their team because that attribute allows them to win games for their teams e.g. Kobe Bryant scores a lot of his points in they last quarter because the defence is tired as he has the endurance to keep going at them while everyone in his team becomes tired which means he gets the ball more. Having him practise drills after doing endurance work, helps him refine his technique even more because when he can do the skills and perfect the correct technique when he is tired it not only allows him to perform better when he isnt tired but also helps build the mentality required for the late stages of the game. I also introduced the interval training for the endurance drills because basketball is a sport that mainly uses the anaerobic systems. As Bomba, Carrera (2005) stated that basketball is uses the ATP-Pc system 80%of the time. So training this system is important to the athletes performance as he will need to get it to peak condition so that he can perform his at a highest level possible throughout the whole game. The agility drills are to be done between 10-20seconds to keep them specific to the energy system being used and they will also involve stopping starting and changing in directions and running forwards and backwards and sidestepping. This is defiantly specific to the sport of basketball as all these movements occur in the sport so it also improves the ability to move effectively around the court. Microcycle 2 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Crunches, twist crunches G A M E D A Y R E S T Crunches, R E S T Skill work Sideline touch and elbow shot 410 Legs: stiff leg dead lifts, leg press. Calf raisers 5 shuttle suicides Plyometrics Squat Depth Jump (410) Strategies/plays Upper Body: Bench Press, Incline press Lane agility Drill X3 T-Test agility drill 3 attempts Skill Drills Plyometrics Box Jump Arms: Biceps curls, triceps extensions 5 shuttle suicides Skill drills Maintenance phase/Sport specific exercise goal is to maintain muscular power. Rest 2-3 minutes between sets and exercises, Doing low reps and high intensity which means 1-3 sets of 2-4 reps, 2 times a week The point of this in-season training is to maintain the athletes physical gains they have obtained over the summer (preseason). Its also time for the athlete to improve and refine their dribbling, shooting techniques etc but most importantly to improve on their teamwork so that he can have a successful season as part of the team because that the way most scouts will get attracted, by a winning team. So by reducing the strength training, power and agility training to twice a week high intense session it brings him to a maintenance level and increasing the skill based work makes for time to improve his skill level. How I will be testing for improvements Test will happen at the beginning, middle and end of pre season and 5weeks before an important event. Vertical Jump test Figure 1 For many years, tests such as the standing broad jump and vertical jump have been used as field tests to evaluate an individual explosive anaerobic power. (Powers, Howley 2007) I will use this test at the beginning, middle and end of the preseason. I will do it again at the end of November so that I can establish whether or not he has maintained his gains before the trails. This measures not only the vertical leap of a player but it is also used to find out how much explosive power they have. Wall can be used for this measurement as illustrated in the figure 1 or a vertex machine can be used to measure the vertical leap. Figure 1 shows how the test is performed. Athlete is to stand and reach as far as possible and label the point as M1. The athlete will jump from stationary position and see mark the highest point they reach as M2. The distance between M1 and M2 is recorded and compared to the norms. This test is valid because in basketball there is constant jumping throughout the game so the test applies directly to the match. Strength Although the bench press is not the most sport-specific strength test for basketball, it is a reliable assessment for upper-body strength. Evaluation standards have also been established for the bench press and so I am going to use it as a test. The athlete will perform two warm-up sets of approximately five to ten repetitions. Followed by a three minute rest, I will load the barbell with an amount of weight that I have deemed appropriate for the athlete. The weight selection was chosen in order to fatigue the athlete in less than eight repetitions. So I decided to that 50kg would be enough for a good weight as he is only starting weight lifting. I also decided that this weight would be best as the NBA tests athletes at 90kg and they are elite athletes. This protocol has been used in predicting 1RM and has been shown to be reliable and valid (Brzycki 1993) Lane agility drill Figure 2 The point of this test is to see the ability of an athlete to maintain speed and body control while changing direction. Set up cones as shown in the image. Figure 2 shows how the test is to set up and the movement the player is to take http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/agility-lane.htm Sprint forwards to the baseline. At the cone, change movement to a side shuffle to the right across the baseline. At the next cone back pedal up the lane to the foul line, then side shuffle left back towards the start line. Then do it in reverse back to the start line. Having the ability to change direction without loosing speed and staying in control is a very important at being a good basketball player. Whether it is a tall player who is not as agile as the smaller players but is more agile than his big opponents gives him an advantage. Norms Vertical Jump Test % Rank Females Males 1-10 76.20 81.30 cm 86.35 91.45 cm 11-20 71.11 76.19 cm 81.30 86.34 cm 21-30 66.05 71.10 cm 76.20 81.29 cm 31-40 60.95 66.04 cm 71.10 76.19 cm 41-50 55.90 60.94 cm 66.05 71.09 cm 51-60 50.80 55.89 cm 60.95 66.04 cm 61-70 45.71 50.79 cm 55.90 60.94 cm 71-80 40.65 45.70 cm 50.80 55.89 cm 81-90 35.55 40.64 cm 45.70 50.79 cm 91-100 30.50 35.54 cm 40.65 45.69 cm Table reference: (D.A. Chu 1996) shows elite athlete norms I expect to see my athlete enter the top 40% of athletes for him to compete on an international at the age of 18. As he is not an elite athlete yet but to be on route to I expect him to be in that top 40%. Lane agility test position males females guards 10.2 10.9 13.0 14.5 forwards 11.0 11.4 14.6 15.5 centres 11.5 12.3 14.6 15.5 FIBA Assist Magazine, 17, 2005, p62 Norms I expect to see my athlete increase in strength so that he can is able to maintain body control while colliding with opponents. I expect to see him increase in explosive strength so that he can leap of the ground faster than most opponents so that he can contribute to rebounding for the team and shoot over most opponents. His increase in physical attributes should allow to gain an extra advantage over the players in the league and for him to have a firm base for him to start on for his international team. Referencing Muzawazi A.T Basketball Regime, Training and Testing (2010) Powers S .K, Howley E.T- Exercise Physiology (sixth edition) 2007 Neate D., P.E essentials 1996 Bompa T.O, Haff G.G Periodisation: Theory and Methodology of Training (2009) Bompa T.O, Carrera M Periodisation Training for Sports. Third edition (2005) Wilmore J.H, Costill D.L- Physiology of sport and exercise 3rd edition (2004) Wilson G.J, Newton R.U, Murphy A.J, Humphries B.J The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993 Nov; 25(11):1279-86

Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy Essays -- Existence Go

Rene Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy Rene Descartes’ third meditation from his book Meditations on First Philosophy, examines Descartes’ arguments for the existence of God. The purpose of this essay will be to explore Descartes’ reasoning and proofs of God’s existence. In the third meditation, Descartes states two arguments attempting to prove God’s existence, the Trademark argument and the traditional Cosmological argument. Although his arguments are strong and relatively truthful, they do no prove the existence of God. At the start of the meditation, Descartes begins by rejecting all his beliefs, so that he would not be deceived by any misconceptions from reaching the truth. Descartes acknowledges himself as, â€Å"a thing that thinks: that is, a thing that doubts, affirms, denies, understands a few things, is ignorant of many things† He is certain that that he thinks and exists because his knowledge and ideas are both ‘clear and distinct’. Descartes proposes a general rule, â€Å"that whatever one perceives very clearly and very distinctly is true† Descartes discovers, â€Å"that he can doubt what he clearly and distinctly perceives is true led to the realization that his first immediate priority should be to remove the doubt† because, â€Å"no organized body of knowledge is possible unless the doubt is removed† The best probable way to remove the doubt is prove that God exists, that he is not a deceiver and â€Å"will always guarantee that any clear and d istinct ideas that enter our minds will be true.† Descartes must remove the threat of an invisible demon that inserts ideas and doubts into our minds to fool us , in order to rely on his ‘clear and distinct’ rule. In constructing his argument for God's existence, Descartes analyzes several aspects of the nature of human thought. He begins by outlining the various types of thoughts we have, which include ideas, thoughts, volitions and judgments. Ideas, or images of ideas can only exist within the mind and are certain of existence. Volitions, or choices are firmly within the mind and are also certain. Emotions, such as love, fear, hate, all exist in the mind and are certain as well. Judgments involve reference to effects outside the mind and are subject to doubt. Therefore, judgments are not certain and distinct. Descartes believes that images, volitions, and emotions are never false but it is our judg... ... God alone remains; and, given the truth of the principle that whatever exists has a cause, it follows, Descartes declares, that God exists we must of necessity conclude from the fact alone that I exist, or that the idea of a supremely perfect – that is of God – is in me, that the proof of God’s existence is grounded in the highest evidence† Descartes concludes that God must be the cause of him, and that God innately implanted the idea of infinite perfection in him. Descartes second argument for proving God’s existence is very straightforward. He has four possibilities that created his existence. Through process of elimination he is left with God being his creator. Descartes succeeded in some parts of his proof for the existence of God, but failed in proving God’s existence from a logical point of view. Most religions prove that anybody can be right in his own description of existence of God. So, Descartes is right in his own way, but to others to accept his idea is totally up to them. No one is certain that God exists. Although there are many causes that could make one believe God is for certain, those causes which might be perceived, does not necessarily make them true.

Introduction To Magnetic Coupling Engineering Essay

Two music directors are denoted to as inductively coupled or magnetically coupled when they are constructed such that alteration in current flow through one wire induces a electromotive force across the terminals of the other wire through electromagnetic initiation. The measure of inductive matching between two music directors is measured by their common induction. The yoke among two wires can be increased by weaving them into spirals and puting them near together on a common axis, so the magnetic field of one spiral passes through the other spiral. The two spirals may be physically enclosed in a individual unit, as in the primary and secondary sides of a transformer, or may be separated. Yoke may be intended or unintended. Unintentional yoke is called cross-talk, and is a signifier of electromagnetic intervention. Inductive matching favours low frequence energy beginnings. High frequence energy beginnings by and large use capacitive yoke. An inductively coupled transponder involves an electronic informations transporting device, normally a individual micro chip, and a big spiral that maps as an aerial. Inductively conjugate transponders are about ever operated inactively.UsesDevicess that use inductive yoke comprises:TransformersA transformer is a device that handovers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors-the transformer ‘s spirals. A altering current in the first or primary twist creates a variable magnetic flux in the transformer ‘s nucleus, and therefore a variable magnetic field through the secondary twist. This altering magnetic field induces a fluctuating electromotive force ( EMF ) or â€Å" electromotive force † in the secondary twist. This consequence is called common initiation. If a burden is connected to the secondary, an electric current will flux in the secondary twist and electrical energy will be transferred from the primary circuit through the transformer to the burden. In an ideal transformer, the induced electromotive force in the secondary twist ( VS ) is in proportion to the primary electromotive force ( VP ) , and is given by the ratio of the figure of bends in the secondary ( NS ) to the figure of bends in the primary ( NP ) as follows: By appropriate choice of the ratio of bends, a transformer therefore allows an jumping current ( AC ) electromotive force to be â€Å" stepped up † by doing NS greater than NP, or â€Å" stepped down † by doing NS less than NP. In the huge bulk of transformers, the twists are coils lesion around a ferromagnetic nucleus, air-core transformers being a noteworthy exclusion. Transformers range in size from a thumbnail-sized yoke transformer hidden inside a phase mike to immense units weighing 100s of dozenss used to complect parts of power grids. All operate with the same basic rules, although the scope of designs is broad. While new engineerings have eliminated the demand for transformers in some electronic circuits, transformers are still found in about all electronic devices designed for family ( â€Å" brinies † ) electromotive force. Transformers are indispensable for high electromotive force power transmittal, which makes long distance transmittal economically practical.Electric motors and generatorsAn electric motor uses electrical energy to bring forth mechanical energy, really typically through the interaction of magnetic Fieldss and current-carrying music directors. The contrary procedure, bring forthing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is accomplished by a generator or dynamo. Grip motors used on vehicles frequently perform bot h undertakings. Many types of electric motors can be run as generators, and frailty versa. Electric motors are found in applications every bit diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, family contraptions, power tools, and disc thrusts. They may be powered by direct current ( for illustration a battery powered portable device or motor vehicle ) , or by jumping current from a cardinal electrical distribution grid. The smallest motors may be found in electric wrist watchs. Medium-size motors of extremely standardized dimensions and features provide convenient mechanical power for industrial utilizations. The really largest electric motors are used for propulsion of big ships, and for such intents as grapevine compressors, with evaluations in the 1000000s of Watts. Electric motors may be classified by the beginning of electric power, by their internal building, by their application, or by the type of gesture they give. The physical rule of production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field was known every bit early as 1821. Electric motors of increasing efficiency were constructed throughout the nineteenth century, but commercial development of electric motors on a big graduated table required efficient electrical generators and electrical distribution webs. Some devices, such as magnetic solenoids and speaker units, although they generate some mechanical power, are non by and large referred to as electric motors, and are normally termed actuators and transducers, severally.Induction loop communicating systemsInduction cringle is a term used to depict an electromagnetic communication- and sensing system, trusting on the fact that a traveling magnet will bring on a electrical current in a nearby conducting wire. Induction cringles are used for transmittal and response of communicating signals, or for sensing of metal objects in metal sensors or vehicle presence indexs. A common modern usage for initiation cringles is to supply hearing aid to hearing assistance users.Artworks tabletA artworks tablet ( or digitising tablet, artworks pad, pulling tablet [ 1 ] ) is a computing machine input device that allows one to hand-draw images and artworks, similar to the manner one draws images with a pencil and paper. These tablets may besides be used to capture informations or handwritten signatures. A artworks tablet ( besides called pen tablet or digitiser ) consists of a level surface upon which the user may â€Å" pull † an image utilizing an affiliated stylus, a pen-like drawing setup. The image by and large does non look on the tablet itself but, instead, is displayed on the computing machine proctor. Some tablets nevertheless, come as a operation secondary computing machine screen that you can interact with straight utilizing the stylus. Some tablets are intended as a general replacing for a mouse as the primary pointing and pilotage device for desktop computing machines.Radio Frequency IdentificationRadio-frequency designation ( RFID ) is the usage of an object ( typically referred to as an RFID ticket ) applied to or incorporated into a merchandise, carnal, or individual for the intent of designation and tracking utilizing wireless moving ridges. Some tickets can be read from several metres off and beyond the line of sight of the reader. Radio-frequency designation comprises inquisitors ( besides known as readers ) , and tickets ( besides known as labels ) . Most RFID ticket contain at least two parts. One is an incorporate circuit for hive awaying and treating information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency ( RF ) signal, and other specialised maps. The 2nd is an aerial for having and conveying the signal.Inductive ModemsResonant energy transportationResonant energy transportation or resonating inductive yoke is the short-distance wireless transmittal of energy between two spirals that are extremely resonating at the same frequence. The equipment to make this is sometimes called a resonating transformer. While many transformers employ resonance, this type has a high Q and is about ever air-cored to avoid ‘iron ‘ losingss. [ commendation needed ] The spirals may be present in a individual piece of equipment or in separate pieces of equipment. Resonant transportation plants by doing a spiral pealing with an hovering current. This generates an oscillatory magnetic field. Because the spiral is extremely resonating any energy placed in the spiral dies off comparatively easy over really many rhythms ; but if a 2nd spiral is brought near to it, the spiral can pick up most of the energy before it is lost, even if it is some distance off. One of the applications of the resonating transformer is for the CCFL inverter. Another application of the resonating transformer is to match between phases of a superheterodyne receiving system, where the selectivity of the receiving system is provided by tuned transformers in the intermediate-frequency amplifiers. [ 1 ] Resonant transformers such as the Tesla spiral can bring forth really high electromotive forces without curving, and are able to supply much higher current than electrostatic high-potential coevals machines such as the Van de Graaff generator. [ Inductive charging merchandises charge batteries utilizing inductive yoke, such as eCoupled ; Torches, Cochlear Implants and many electric toothbrushes. Inductive charging uses the electromagnetic field to reassign energy between two objects. A bear downing station sends energy through inductive yoke to an electrical device, which shops the energy in the batteries. Because there is a little spread between the two spirals, inductive charging is one sort of short-distance radio energy transportation. The other sort of charging, direct wired contact ( besides known as conductive charging or direct yoke ) requires direct electrical contact between the batteries and the courser. Conductive charging is achieved by linking a device to a power beginning with plug-in wires, such as a moorage station, or by traveling batteries from a device to courser. Initiation coursers typically use an initiation spiral to make an alternating electromagnetic field from within a bear downing base station, and a 2nd initiation spiral in the portable device takes power from the electromagnetic field and converts it back into electrical current to bear down the battery. The two initiation spirals in propinquity combine to organize an electrical transformerInitiation cookers and initiation warming systemsAn initiation cooker uses a type of initiation warming for cooking. It is chiefly distinguished from other common signifiers of stovetop cookery by the fact that the heat is generated straight in the cookery vas, as opposed to being generated in the stovetop ( as by electrical spirals or firing gas ) and so transferred to the cooking vas. In an initiation stovetop, a spiral of Cu wire — an electromagnet — is placed underneath the cookery pot. An oscillatory current is applied to that spiral, which produces an oscillatory magnetic field. That magnetic field creates heat in the cooking vas over it, in two different ways. First, it induces a current in the electrically conductive pot, which produces Joule ( I2R ) heat. Second, it besides creates magnetic hysteresis losingss in the ferromagnetic pot. The first consequence dominates: hysteresis losingss typically account for less than 10 per centum of the entire heat generated. [ 1 ]Low frequence initiationLow frequence initiation is an unwanted signifier of inductive yoke, which can happen when a metallic grapevine is installed parallel to a high-potential power line. The grapevine, which is a music director, and is insulated from the Earth by its protective coating, can develop electromotive forces which are risky to personnel runing valves or otherwise rea ching the grapevine.Significance and Applications.Magnetic yokes are used to convey rotational and/or additive gesture without direct contact and Rotary yokes Linear yokes Hysteresis yokes Eddy current yokes Rotary yokes are chiefly used to extinguish the usage of seals in revolving and reciprocating machines, such as seal-less pumps and pistons.A Use of magnetic couplings improves the dependability and safety facets of such machines because seals are prone to deterioration over clip and cause leaks. Rotary magnetic couplings used in these applications are designed in two constellations – co-axial and face-to-face.A A In the co-axial constellation, the two halves of the coupling are mounted co-axially with each other and nested one within the other.A The outer member is typically connected to the motor and the interior member to the driven system, for illustration, the pump in a seal-less pump. A cup-shaped stationary member, mounted to the pump organic structure, resides between the driver and follower and separates the fluids on the pump side from the environment on the motor side.A Materials for the barrier cup and exposed surfaces of the follower are chosen to last uninterrupted contact with the fluids being pumped.A The thickness of the barrier is designed to defy any force per unit area derived function without important distortion. Face-to-face type yokes are used where axial length is at premium and some misalignment demands to be tolerated.A The two pancake-shaped parts consisting this type of coupling have magnets mounted on the close faces.A The separation barrier in this instance can be every bit simple as a level wall.A One facet of face-to-face type yokes is considerable attractive force between the two members. Linear and rotary magnetic yokes, and loanblends of the two, besides find application in vacuity engineering where place or gesture must be transmitted across a vacuity barrier.A An added consideration in these applications is stiffness of the yoke ; minimising the slowdown between driver and follower.A Linear magnetic yokes, following similar rules, allow precise control of robotics inside vacuity systems.A These couplings are used in the semiconducting material industry to place objects within a clean chamber. Elimination of seals and decrease of the figure of constituents inside the chamber improves taint control and enhances system dependability. In all the above instances, greater torque/force capacity is realized with stronger magnets, increased diameter and decreased radial gap.A An added consideration in these designs is the stiffness of the matching which consequences in more precise control.A Devices operating at elevated temperatures ( & gt ; 120 A °C ) typically employ Sm-Co magnets while others may utilize Nd-Fe-B or ceramic magnets. Hysteresis yokes are typically used where a torsion modification is needed, such as in the bottle cresting industry.A Eddy current couplings exhibit torsion that increases linearly with increasing revolutions per minute.A They are frequently employed in clasps and in couplings where utmost misalignment demands to be tolerated.A Hysteresis and eddy current rules may besides be used in the design of additive couplings. Magnetic Yokes are used in the industry to convey torsion through a spread. This spread is the distance between two members of the yoke. Between this spread, one may hold air, vacuity, fluids, centrifuge cups, or other similar points. There are two basic constellations that are utilized ; the Axial and Radial design. The Axial design requires that the two magnet systems face each other, similar to two battercakes confronting each other. As one member rotates, the other follows. The maximal torsion will be determined by many factors, such as air spread, figure of poles, stuffs selected, working temperature, etc. The Radial design requires that the magnet systems are homocentric to each other. As one member, typically the outer rotates andA the other follows. When choosing the barrier stuff between the matching members, see eddy current effects, since the flux lines of the magnetic yoke will cut the barrier material.A Conductive stuffs will get down to heat as the RPM is increased.A Conductive stuffs used as the barrier stuff will take opposition of the matching gesture, as some of the input work will turn into the eddy current losingss ( heat ) .A At higher RPM, over 600 RPM, this loss can be important. Typically, matching assemblies do non be as a standard â€Å" off the shelf † point. They have to be designed for each application, so manufactured. Depending on the complexness of your design, technology charges may use. If you are able to utilize a constellation that is near to something that we already have designed, and you are non concerned about â€Å" optimising † the constellation, engineering/design charges will non use. Yokes may be hermetically sealed so that they may work in rough environments, such as chemical applications.A Applications of magnetic yokes include atomic environments, chemically risky environments, high temperature environments, oil boring applications ( downhole ) , vacuity applications, andA quiver isolation applications. Industries that have benefited from magnetic yokes include aerospace, medical, chemical, pharmaceutical, nutrient, biotechnology, industrial ovens, compressors, metering, A A and fluid mechanicss, because magnetic yokes are the lone device that can convey contact free torsion.Magnetically-Coupled CircuitsA current i1 at L1 produces opencircuit electromotive force v2 at L2. A current i2 at L2 produces an unfastened circuit electromotive force v1 at L1. Current come ining the flecked terminus of one spiral produces a electromotive force that is sensed positively at the flecked terminus of the 2nd spiral. Current come ining the undotted terminus of one spiral produces a electromotive force that is sensed positively at the undotted terminus of the 2nd spiral. ( a ) A circuit incorporating common induction in which the electromotive force ratio V2/ V1 is desired. ( B ) Self and common inductions are replaced by the corresponding electric resistances. Zin = Zp + jw L1 + w 2M2/Jw L2 + ZsTransformerA given transformer which is to be replaced by an tantamount web. The T equivalent. M & lt ; = under root of L1L2 The yoke coefficient K is M /under root of L1L2Inductive YokeInduction â€Å" Liter † depends on circuit geometry and medium belongings â€Å" Liter † has intending merely for a closed circuit. However when talk about induction of merely a portion of a circuit, we means the part that a section of a circuit brand ti the entire induction of the closed circuit If sinusoidally, VN = J tungsten B A cosI? Induced noise depends on the country enclosed by the distributed circuit ( VN = J tungsten B A cosI? Or VN = J tungsten M I1 = M vitamin D i1 / vitamin D T Magnetic matching between two circuits Magnetic matching between two circuits Suppression technique: separation circuit ( Ba† Ã¢â‚¬Å" ) ; writhing ( B canceling ) closer to land plane ( Aa† Ã¢â‚¬Å" ) orientation ( cosI?a† Ã¢â‚¬Å" ) Comparison between inductive and capacitive yoke a‘ Capacitive yoke: noise picked up is decreased when electric resistance a† Ã¢â‚¬Å" , but inductive yoke non a‘? Noise electromotive force is produced in series with receiver music director in magnetic field yoke, while in electric field matching noise electromotive force is produced between receiving system and land Magnetic yoke when a shield is placed around the receiving system ( with ungrounded and nonmagnetic shield ) still VS = J tungsten M1S I1 and VN = J tungsten M12 I1 Decision: Even screen grounded at one terminal has no effects on the magnetically induced electromotive force in the centre music director A § 3.5 Magnetic Coupling Between Shield and Inner Conductor Magnetic yoke between a hollow conducting tubing and music director placed inside it Magnetic field produced by current in a cannular music director No field indoors pit Coaxial overseas telegram with shield current flowing so Ls = M Condition: The cogency of above depends merely on the fact that there is no magnetic field in the pit of the tubing due to screen current. Noise electromotive force VN due to screen current Equivalent circuit of the shield music director VN = J tungsten M IS Since Sing M = Ls Finally secret plan of noise electromotive force in shielded music director due to screen current Notes: Break frequence is defined as the shield cutoff frequence

Happiness depends upon ourselves Essays

Happiness depends upon ourselves Essays Happiness depends upon ourselves Paper Happiness depends upon ourselves Paper Happiness depends upon ourselves according to Aristotle but Epictetus believes that When we remember that our aim is spiritual progress, we return to striving to be our best selves. This is how happiness is won. Throughout Rhetorical History it is evident that rhetoric has served as a functional interaction between people and their environment. In order for there to be a functional interaction there must always be an exigency and a remedy as standard elements of the total environment, as well as a rhetorical interaction to support them both. In this paper I intend to examine the rhetorical situations that moved the rhetoricians Aristotle and Epictetus to construct their rhetorical theories. Epictetus, like most rhetoricians has a theory that is marked by imperfections, called exigencies. These imperfections are problems that Epictetus found while creating his theorys ideals. The main exigency for Epictetus and other Stoics was to show their students that philosophy has a practical purpose of guiding people towards leading better lives. According to Epictetus everyone is not perfectly happy for much, or even all of the time. He wanted to show his students that there is a reason for this being the case and most importantly that there are solutions that can remedy this situation. Another aim of Epictetus teaching was to live well to secure for oneself true happiness. Epictetus theory had to fall on the ears of a receptive audience and he found that in the school he formed for upper-class Romans. With students such as Flavius Arrian, and Herodes Atticus, Epictetus was considered the greatest of Stoics. : Epictetus was said to relate his school to the workings of a hospital where students would come to seek treatments for their ills. In stark reality that was true, people flocked to Epictetus schools because it gave them a solvent to the trials of human life and living in society. Every day they were set up with frustrations and obstacles and Epictetus goal was to teach people to see the happiness through those situations. The students who learned from Epictetus were easily able to turn the things they were hearing everyday into something they could use everyday. We have to deal with hostile and offensive people, and we have to cope with the difficulties and anxieties occasioned by the setbacks and illnesses visited upon our friends and relations. Even people with good fortune had to face the fact of their own death, but that was no reason to not search for true happiness. As with any theory there are constraints marked as a way to remove the seen problem in Epictetus theory. Two types of constraints can be identified in any rhetorical theory, artistic and inartistic proofs. Artistic proofs are defined as those things that are in the speakers control. In Epictetus theory, various artistic proofs can be identified. The language that he chose to use, the emotion that he conveyed through his message, and the reason that he used to arrive at how to formulate both of these things are all examples of artistic proofs. There are also inartistic proofs in every theory. These things would be all the ideas that are out of the speakers control. Examples of inartistic proofs in Epictetus theory could be many things, mostly things going on the environment around him and his society. The class status of the students that Epictetus taught would be an inartistic proof. Had Epictetus been directing his speeches at lower class people who had never been schooled, they may have no idea what he was speaking about. The potential students that are attempting to learn have to be on relatively the same level as the teacher. The historical events can also be an example of an inartistic proof. The mindset of the society and the way that they feel about their government, their peers and their noble classes had a huge influence on how they acted in everyday life. Now that Ive discussed the exigencies, the audience, and the constraints of Epictetus, I will focus on the same characteristics of Aristotle. Aristotle taught some of the most influential rhetoricians of his time and to them he tried to instill the same ideals that he valued so much. The most memorable of these was likely the scientific method that he used to explain why things happened the way they did. Aristotles exigency was marked by urgency mostly because he wanted the people of his day to understand what he did. Reason is the source of the first principles of knowledge, and from this reason Aristotle used the ideas that came about to persuade people of what exactly was going on in their day. Public discourse at the time was used to hinder peoples reason and they could never make decisions on their own if they were not taught how to reason for themselves. Aristotle was a firm believer that the mind is led by language, and he used his language to teach the people about their ability to learn and rationalize ideas. Aristotles main goal was to have a democratic government, and he knew that the people would never get to have one without the knowledge base that they needed to be expressive. Rhetoric is essential to any democracy according to Aristotle and it was important for him to teach all aspects of rhetoric to the people who supported it. The people who were most affected by Aristotles views were the people who heard him speak. At the time of his lectures most of these people were people in the kings court. He was hired by various kings to counsel them and lecture in their courts. The ideas that Aristotle was preaching about at the time were easily accepted because the people were easily impressionable. He believed that citizens must have knowledge and reason to be able to express their ideas. They were dealing with things that were easily explained by the scientific ideals that Aristotle believed in, and therefore he wanted to teach them how to express the ideas that they had about the things that were going on. Aristotle said that All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal. This was a simple idea that almost everyone could hold onto. It was explained by logic and was the dominant form of logic for almost 2,000 years. Some constraints were also posed on Aristotles scientific logic. Various artistic and inartistic proofs are identifiable in Aristotles theory. The language that he chose to use was important if nothing else than because he was preaching to men who favored the king he was working for at the time. He had to be very aware of what he was saying in honor of the king. Another artistic proof that Aristotle faced was the emotion that he portrayed in his lectures. People have said that Aristotles ideas would not have been so widely accepted had he not added to them so much emotion while he was speaking. There are also some evident inartistic proofs in Aristotles theory. As in the artistic proofs, the status of the audience members of Aristotles lectures, was very important, but out of his control. He was hired by the king; he could not discriminate who he was appointed to speak to. This brings up another inartistic proof, the government. The government was greatly out of Aristotles control, he was even manipulated by them because he was employed by them. They were however the people who could remove the exigency facing his theory. Both of the rhetors discussed, Aristotle and Epictetus, have similarities and differences in the situations that they faced. Epictetus was more faced with the guidance that he was offering to his students. His issues were more of a moral and emotional case where as Aristotles ideals were focused primarily on science and nature. The audience members that each rhetorician spoke to had personalities of their own as well. While each rhetor spoke to a fairly similar audience, their reasons for doing so were very different. Epictetus knew that he would have to focus his attention to upper class nobles, who had been schooled enough to know vaguely what he was talking about. Aristotle on the other hand, was appointed to teach to the kings court, he had no real decision in who he was preaching to. Aristotle over came this difference by teaching people to teach others. There are also some differences in the artistic and inartistic proofs that each rhetor faced. Epictetus, for example, used a specific language, showed a certain amount of emotion, and the reason that he was trying to convey to his audience. Aristotle believed that emotions were a rational feeling that gets in the way of good reason. Epictetus would have greatly disagreed with this notion that emotions were logical. Epictetus believed that emotions were the way to lead a person to unveil his true happiness. He felt that few people were content with life, but that through his learning they could find solutions to be happy most, if not all of the time. Where Epictetus would try to explain how to overcome the frustrations and setbacks of every conceivable type of complication, Aristotle would spend his time trying to find the truth and showing people how they had arrived at that conclusion. Both rhetors used various means to arrive at the success that they did with the individual audience that they were speaking to. Each one was faced with different exigencies and faced some constraints along the way. However Aristotle and Epictetus both overcame all of these things and were able to teach their message and let it be taught for many years after they were gone. Ashley Mock March 3,2004 Rhetoical Theory Paper #2 593-62-3535 Bitzer, Lloyd, Functional Communication: A Situational Perspective, in E. E. White, ed. ,Rhetoric in Transition (University Park: Pensylvania State UP, 1981) 21-38. James Fieser, Ph. D. , The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Epictetus: Overview: 1 March 2004. iep. utm. edu/ James Fieser, Ph. D. , The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Aristotle: Overview: 1 March 2004. iep. utm. edu/.